Centralization is when decision making is entrusted in the hands of a group. Whatever this group of people say is what everyone agrees to. This method of reaching decision is more faster and saves time but at the same time, so many are left out allowing them to accept to whatever conclusion that is made. The two are not without pros and cons.
Pros of Centralization:
In an office perspective, centralization proofs more efficient because it gives room for quick decision making and serves right during urgent meetings.
When there is a failure in the decision made, it is more easier to point out the set of individuals that piloted the idea.
Cons:
One of the cons is that makes those not included the group feel left out and irrelevant or their decision isn't worth hearing.
Also, is not every decision that these group out individuals would have a good views, their lack of views could lead to solutions that does not align to the problems.
Source
Decentralization is the opposite of the former. In decentralization, lots of individuals are involved in decision making. This give room for others to feel a sense of belonging and important. Like I say before, while the former saves time, the latter takes longer time for a decision to be reached.
Pros:
Decentralization allows for many voices to be heard. With lots of views, there is be a comprehensive decisions.
In a decentralized system, a mistake by one group is likely to have a widespread negative effects.
Cons:
In a decentralized system, decision making takes longer reach mostly in a difficult topics.
Accountability is difficult as decision process involves multiple parties. In an organization, using both system is best for a balance purpose.