The Dialectics of Liberation: Anarchism, Existentialism, and Decentralism
What is Existentialism? Part 2 - The Short History of Existentialism: I - Early Pre-existentialism

"Autonomy is something that is gained by the exercise of our will" - charlie777pt

1- Introduction

In the last post, we made a free introduction to Existentialism, and now it's the part of its History, that normally is boring and demands a lot of attention to reading.
I will try to put some personal reflections in the next posts about existentialism, to break the monotony of the facts.

Every author I have read is a guest in the house of my mind, and it took many years to understand how these travelers of the edge of the personal spirit, have influenced my actual way of Being, they were enlightening teachers of my experience and their immortality lay always in the framework of my decisions, the actions of my life and my relations to others.

The next posts are dedicated to a lot of authors, that made the ground basis for the emergence of existentialism, and at the same time had a strong influence the dialectic of my self-liberation and the choices for the path for my life.

It has been very difficult to talk about such big influences in such a short space and time, running the risk of creating misjudgments for such synthetic explanations, by trying to put existentialism into a can of sardines.

Existentialism today has become more important than ever before because all forms of expression of individualism are unconsciously being conditioned and shaped by mass media, that are undeniable forms of suppression and oppression, inducing total conformism and ideological stagnation.

Nietzshe said that "Got ist Tot" (God is Dead) and its time to proclaim that "Main Stream social Media ist Tot"- charlie777pt

Existentialism stresses that we must take an active role in your existence to change our Essence, by understanding that materiality rips off humanity from open individuals contact because Matter is inconsistent with a Free Spirit.

"Action alters nothing and opposes nothing. It is the pure form of a transition from a state of not being seen to one of being seen, and the content which is brought out into the daylight and displayed is nothing else but what this action already is in itself." - Hegel

https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmfSdN7NSdXf5et58WMEiHeG5iccNg9WJo2rN6RytyXCoJ/existentialism-history-en.png

In this picture we see the topics of the next posts, about the History of Existentialism, dedicated to showing all the framework influences and convergences of existentialism starting to talk about the pre-existential freedom philosophers, followed by the phenomenologists, some posts dedicated to existentialism, and later talk about the Humanism perspective to finish talking in post-structuralism.

2 - Early Pre-existentialist Philosophers and Writers

A lot of authors have contributed for philosophy to deviate it from reasoning in the analysis of human nature in the search for the truth.
I'm going to mention some of the notated pre-existentialists inspirers of the movement, can be traced by references to a lot of authors and philosophers like:

Description	Photo
Augustine of Hippo aka St. Augustine a theologian that lived from 354 to 430 DC, influenced the shaping of Western Christianity and philosophy. "In order to discover the character of people we have only to observe what they love."- St. Augustine
Mulla Sadra aka Yahya al-Qawami al-Shirazi (1571–1636), was an Islamic precursor of Illuminationist that he named "Transcendent Theosophy" For him there is no Reality, except Existence, and said we can't capture our Essence, except fragmented visions that are of modes of existence as an objective reality, that can't be conceptualized in the mind.
Giacomo Leopardi a poet, writer, philologist and philosopher of pessimism, with radical and defying ideas for the early 19th century, about the human condition and life. Some authors refer the to his sad life and health problems he had since childhood had influenced his pessimistic view of life “Freedom is the dream you dream While putting thought in chains again.” - Giacomo Leopardi, Canti
Blaise Pascal (1623 -1662), the mathematician, physicist, philosopher, and theologian, that had a big influence in most of the existentialist philosophical manifestations. I confess I didn´t read much of Pascal, except the views of other authors because I didn't like his Catholic Jansenist theology and the belief that we must suffer in life as a natural thing, because he had a lot of health problems all his life, but I like the following quote: " Men never do evil so completely and cheerfully as when they do it from religious conviction." - Blaise Pascal
Henry David Thoreau (1817-862), a transcendentalist author, inspiring of the "Civil Disobedience" and later "Resistance Civil Government" inspiring the fight for freedom in face of an unfair government taking place. He invented "Tax Resistance" as an active way to fight the power of centralized structures, and the government imposition of Taxes, as a form of "Civil Disobedience." “Rather than love, than money, than fame, give me truth.” ― Henry David Thoreau in Walden .
John Locke (1632 –1704), an English physician and philosopher of the Transcendentalism known as one of the primary influences in the emergence of the Enlightenment thinkers and the concept of Liberalism. For him we are born a " Tabula Rasa" that we have to fulfill with experience. He also questioned about the nature and limits of political authority and he believed in the right to fight or overthrow any tyrannical government. "Government has no other end, but the preservation of property." John Locke

In the next post, we will talk about the closer and strong influences of the existentialist movement like Fyodor Dostoevsky, Friedrich Nietzsche, Søren Kierkegaard, Arthur Schopenhauer and Karl Marx.

Videos:

Locke, Berkeley, & Empiricism: Crash Course Philosophy #6 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5C-s4JrymKM

Primitivism: Henry David Thoreau (ft. Locke, Rousseau, Nietzsche, Darwin)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=njyD7hV1x5w

Image sources: Wikipedia

The Dialectics of Liberation: Anarchism, Existentialism and Decentralism.
Published Posts:

Introduction to the Dialectics of Liberation: Anarchism, Existentialism and Decentralism

I - Anarchism

What is Anarchism?

Part 1 - Philosophical Introduction

Part 2 - The Concept of Anarchism

Part 3 - Types of Anarchism

The History of Anarchism

Part 1 - Pre-Anarchy - Social Revolution

Anarchy: Revolution Against The State

Part 2 - Anarcho-Federalism

Part 3 - Libertarian Anarchism

Part 4 - Anarcho-Syndicalism

Anarchy Today

Part 1 - The Era of Extremisms

Part 2 - Crypto-Anarchism

Part 3 - Anarchist Tools

Part 4 - Anarchy in the Blockchain I

Part 4 - Anarchy in the Blockchain II

Part 5 - Today's Anarchism

Index and Conclusions of part 1 - Anarchy

II - Existentialism

What is Existentialism ?

Part 1 - Unplugged Introduction to Existentialism

Part 2 - The Short History of Existentialism: I - Early Pre-existentialism - This post

Next posts on the Series:
II - Existentialism(Cont.)

What is Existentialism ? (Cont.)

Part 2 - The Short History of Existentialism: II - Pre-Existentialists

Part 2 - The Short History of Existentialism: III - Phenomenology

Part 2 - The Short History of Existentialism: IV - Humanist Existentialists

Part 2 - The Short History of Existentialism: V - Post -Structuralism

Part 3 - The Philosophy of Existentialism: I - The Meaning of Nonsense

Part 4 - The Fear of Freedom of Erich Fromm

The "Existentialists"

Part 1 - The Players and the Times

Part 2 - Jean Paul Sartre - the Man of The 20th Century

Humanism and Existentialism

Existentialism and Anarchism

The Future : Posthumanism, transhumanism and inhumanism

III - Decentralism

What is Decentralism?

The Philosophy of Decentralism

Blockchain and Decentralization

Anarchism, Existentialism, and Decentralism

IV - Dialectic for Self-Liberation

The Dialectics of Liberation Congress

Psychedelics, Libertarian and artistical movements

Psychoanalysis and Existentialism

The Anti-psychiatry movement

References:

- charlie777pt on Steemit:
Collectivism vs. Individualism
Prince Pyotr Alexeyevich Kropotkin - The Emergence of Anarchism
Social Reality: Index of the series about Social Reality: Power, Violence and change

Books:
Oizerman, Teodor.O Existencialismo e a Sociedade. Em: Oizerman, Teodor; Sève, Lucien; Gedoe, Andreas, Problemas Filosóficos.2a edição, Lisboa, Prelo, 1974.
Sarah Bakewell, At the Existentialist Café: Freedom, Being, and Apricot Cocktails with with Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir, Albert Camus, Martin Heidegger, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and Others
Levy, Bernard-Henry , O Século de Sartre,Quetzal Editores (2000)
Jacob Golomb, In Search of Authenticity - Existentialism From Kierkegaard to Camus (1995)
Herbert Marcuse, One-Dimensional Man: Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society
Louis Sass, Madness and Modernism, Insanity in the light of modern art, literature, and thought (revised edition)
Hubert L. Dreyfus and Mark A. Wrathall, A Companion to Phenomenology and Existentialism (2006)
Charles Eisenstein, Ascent of Humanity
Walter Kaufmann, Existentialism from Dostoevsky to Sartre(1956)
Herbert Read, Existentialism, Marxism and Anarchism (1949 )
Martin Heidegger, Letter on "Humanism"(1947)
Friedrich Nietzsche, The Will to Power (1968)
Jean-Paul Sartre, Existentialism And Human Emotions
Jean-Paul Sartre, O Existencialismo é um Humanismo
Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Sense and Non-Sense
Michel Foucault, Power Knowledge Selected Interviews and Other Writings 1972-1977
Erich Fromm, Escape From Freedom. New York: Henry Holt, (1941)
Erich Fromm, , Man for Himself. 1986
Fyodor Dostoevsky, Notes from Underground
Fyodor Dostoyevsky, The Devils
Rick Roderick, Self under Siege Guidebook: The Self Under Siege – Philosophy in the 20th Century (1993)
About Rick Roderick and the videos : http://rickroderick.org/