Known Orbital Shapes
Orbits of bodies in the cosmos are known to exist in various shapes.
Circular Orbit
An orbit can be circular, where an orbiting body's distance of separation from the body it orbits is generally constant.
Earth is in close to a circular orbit about the sun. At its greatest separation from the sun, it is about 152 million km away from the sun while at its least separation it is about 146 million km away from the sun.
Elliptical Orbit
Another known orbit is an elliptical orbit, where an orbiting body's distance of separation from the body it orbits varies through a single revolution in the orbit.
A good example of this would be the orbit of Pluto. It ranges from about 29 AU to about 48 AU. [Source]
Elongated Elliptical Orbit
Another type of orbit that can exist is an elongated elliptical orbit, where the distance of separation greatly varies throughout each revolution.
A good example of this would be Haley's Comet.
With Haley's Comet, its minimum distance from the sun is 0.586 AU while its greatest distance from the sun is 35 AU, providing a highly elliptical orbit.
There is one specific orbital shape that has not yet been recognized to exist.
The Unrecognized Orbital Pattern
The Figure-8 Orbit
In each instance above, the mass of the two systems is somewhat close. At least when compared to even larger differences.
When the mass of a body is so drastically different from the mass of the body it orbits, it can be pulled directly towards its center of gravity regardless of its direction of travel.
When the body is large enough relative to the mass pulling on it, it will physically collide with the other body if it travels in this way. However, if the orbiting body is small enough, it can pass physically through the body it orbits, like a neutrino passing through the Earth.
From my book, The Simple Reality, pdf
Then it will come out the other side of the body it orbits, where gravity is then behind it. It then bends back around until it is pointed directly at the center of gravity once more. Again it passes through the body it orbits and comes out the other side, time and time again.
This arises in a Figure-8 Orbital pattern.
From my book, The Simple Reality, pdf
Not just one body orbits in this way, but rather an entire system of bodies orbit a given body in this Figure-8 orbital pattern.
This, then, by the force of gravity, produces what is known as an electromagnetic field.
Gravity Causes Electromagnetism
Presently, electromagnetism is considered to be a fundamental force, meaning it is causeless. However, this demonstrates that gravity causes electromagnetic fields. Therefore, gravity causes electromagnetism. It is as simple as that.
This is how a force that only pulls is able to produce the effects of both a "push" and a "pull".
When particles traveling in a Figure-8 orbit come out of the body, and collide with particles coming out of a second body, then this produces the observation of magnetic repulsion. When the flows are in line with one another, coming out of one body and into another, this produces the observation of magnetic attraction. This is a result of gravity, not a fundamental force.
Gravity Causes All Observations
By recognizing how gravity causes electromagnetism, it is clear that gravity causes all observations. It is just a matter of understanding how. For more information on how this is so, see my other posts on Steemit, such as The Big Bang's Big Assumption: How gravity causes all distant redshifted galaxies observations (not motion), or visit my website: CascadingUniverse.Org.